Ideally yes, but you're not running them in an ideal application.
To set this up how you want, you'll need to use a DTI (Dial Gauge) set-up to measure the end float, then you would gradually tighten the bolt until no end float is measureable.

Would it not be simpler to use double row angular contact bearings as mark mentioned?
That way the preload is preset, however it does mean you need someway to secure the outer into a housing.

Taper roller bearing preload depends on lots of factors. Are they mounted facing or back to back, what part is likely to warm up/expand the most, is expansion an issue, how fast are they turning, what's lubricating them...

What exactly is the application?
(feel free to PM if you don't want to say publically)